Asdal Manor and Asdal Church, Region North Jutland, Vendsyssel

Asdal, wikipedia

Today:
Asdal, Region Nordjylland, Asdal sogn, Vennebjerg herred, Hjørring Kommune 


Before 1970: Asdal, Asdal sogn, Vennebjerg herred, Hjørring Amt.  
  





The first owner of Asdal is from the 1300s, hr Niels Ovesen of the nobility - which by the genealogs from their family coat of arms named Panter. Niels Ovesen Panter and his wife fru Johanne Andersdatter (Stenbrikke) owned the manor - but besides Asdal Niels Ovesen was the owner of  much estate in this region, like Skovgaard and Kærsgaard in Vennebjerg herred and Knivholt in Horns herred. He was a wealthy and respected man, he was a knight and had two of his children married into the zealand nobility family Lunge. The daughter Ingeborg, ( widow after 1429), married ca. 1390 the later rigsråd and hofmester Anders Jacobsen Lunge.

Asdal was inherited by Niels and Johanne's son væbner Anders Nielsen Panter, who in 1393 wrote himself of Asdal and was married  1) to Regitze Jacobsdatter Lunge , who died soon after. Anders died 1405 or 1406 but he had before this married Ide Lydersdatter Holck (+ earliest 1425) , who in 1406 owned Asdal and later married hr Lyder Kabel of Fuglsang (+ earliest 1440), who in 1415 wrote himself of Asdal. Lyder Kabel and Bonde Due of Torup (Hillerslev herred) on behalf of his wife achieved in 1419 by a share of inheritance 2/3 of Asdal, while 1/3 of the manor went to Anders Nielsen Panter's sister fru Ingeborg Nielsdatter Panter's (+ earliest 1411) husband , rigshofmester hr. Anders Jacobsen Lunge (+ 1429).

Asdal,  foto Den store Danske.

Bonde Due (+ earliest 1430) was married to fru Ide's daughter * fru Johanne Andersdatter Panter (+ 1477) and took over in 1419 hr. Lyder's part in Asdal; fru Johanne , who was said to be the last member of her family (Panter), was in 1462-63 royal vasal in Vendsyssel; her second husband was hr. Niels Eriksen Banner of Vinstrup (+ earliest 1444), who in 1425-43 is written of Asdal. A relative of Niels, hr. Jens Eriksen Banner( + earliest 1444) must also have had a share of Asdal, which he wrote himself of in 1423. After the death of Niels Eriksen Banner fru Johanne wrote herself in 1455-74 of the manor; in the division of the estate after her Asdal estate was laid out to her son rigsråd hr. Anders Nielsen Banner, who already in 1454 and 1463 had written himself of Asdal. At his death in 1486 his only son Erik Andersen Banner, who in 1480 wrote himself of Asdal, had died a few years before (+ latest 1483) , but his widow Karen Stensdatter Gøye is mentioned in 1480-88 of Asdal; she later married rigsråd hr. Niels Høg Banner of Eskær (+ 1524).

Johanne Panter

* fru Johanne Andersdatter Panter, who died in 1477 the last of her family, achieved great wealth from inheritance - and in the nobility family books is told that she was a member of rigsrådet. This is  said to be a legend, but she was in 1462-63 royal vasal in Vendsyssel. It was said that her family rejected Bonde Due's proposal to her, but he abducted her and they were married. When in 1419 was a legal change after old Niels Ovesen, Bonde Due was present for his wife and Anders Jacobsen Lunge for his wife as heirs. Both achieved parts in Asdal, but since fru Johanne before 1422 married again, this time to hr Niels Eriksen Banner, Asdal came into the ownership of this family and stayed there for almost 200 years as one of the main houses of the family Banner. 

Aalborghus, wikipedia

Niels Eriksen Banner was from Zealand, his father owned Vinstrup and Niels inherited also this manor. He was in 1438 rigsråd and vasal at Skivehus, later vasal at Aalborghus. He lived still in 1444, took part in devoting Erik of Pommern  and in calling for Christoffer of Bayern. His son, Anders Nielsen Banner,  achieved even more respect  for the family, he became ridder and rigsråd  and was like his father royal vasal at Aalborghus, and this vasalry was later owned by his son and son's son. The strong attraction to this North Jutland vasalry is linked to that Anders Nielsen and his descendants became 100 % Jutland lords and were among the richest. Anders Nielsen owned besides Asdal, Kokkedal and Højriis 2 smaller Jutland manors plus the zealand manor Vinstrup. It is a proof of his good reputation that he in 1486 during king Hans's stay in Norway was among three leaders of the government in Jutland -  he died the same year. His only son Erik Andersen Banner had died a few years before, but his widow Karen Gjøe wrote herself in 1480-88 of Asdal. With their son Erik Eriksen Banner the family came up in the top plan of society.

Kalø castle ruin, foto GB

Gustav Vasa

Erik Eriksen Banner was a vasal at Kalø and kept it in 40 years till his death in 1554. He was exposed to a costy accident since Gustav Vasa who was a prisoner at Kalø escaped him in 1519. Christiern II sentenced Erik Eriksen to a fine of 1.600 gylden,a giant sum of money. There was however no animosity between the king and his vasal, and Erik Eriksen did not take part in the rebellion against the king, but when he was directly and personally threatened, he joined Frederik I. His good reputation was  not hurt by having joined the displaced king for so long -  he now became a rigsråd. It was strange that he was one of few noblemen who was in favor of the new religious movement in Denmark, he let a Luther-minded priest call to Thorsager kirke which was Kalø's parish church . When Frederik I died, Erik Eriksen was in favor of hertug Christian to become Danish king, and when the Skipper Clement feud broke out he was firmly against it. When the revolt was crushed at Aalborg, Erik Eriksen Banner was together with Johan Rantzau commander of hertug Christian's troops. His quiet performance of various administrative jobs in the rebellious districts contributed to calm the mood of people.


* It was said that Erik Eriksen Banner helped Gustav Vasa to escape, and if this is true then Sweden has got something to thank Erik Eriksen Banner for.

Asdal voldsted,

wikipedia

After Christian III was elected king, Erik Banner's succes was safe. He was connected to the king and achieved in 1541 the title of rigsmarsk and he was attending several of Christian III's travels, like the the meeting at Brømsebro with Gustav Vasa. It must have been strange for Erik Banner to stand face to face with the man who had once been his prisoner. In his latest years Erik Banner wrote himself most often of Asdal, his son Frands seems to have taken over Kokkedal while his father lived. Erik Banner died in 1554, ca. 70 years of age at Kalø, which more than anything else had formed a frame around his life. He was buried in Torslev kirke, the parish church of Kokkedal. It was said about Erik Banner that he was one of the most important and influental noblemen in the reformation period in Denmark,  but none of his children inherited his abilities. His estate was shared among his heirs, and Asdal with Bangsbo came to his son Otte, who from 1560 was a vasal of Sejlstrup, he was mostly known for his marriage to Ingeborg Skeel of Voergaard. She kept the vasalry after her husband's death 1585.

Fru Ingeborg Skeel was more than anyone else a personality in the legends from Vendsyssel, not because of her virtues - often usual legends from other places (called vandresagn = wandering legends)  who were localised to Voergaard (and never to Asdal)  where she had the main role in the legends. Her authority must have been stronger than that of other noble ladies, like her economic sense and energy .She had a fine cattle herd at Voergaard, she traded in grain and bricks and she let her people be merchants and trade on markets etc. She kept her churches in good condition and she had in general a good relation with the Clergy.  

Otte Banner and fru Ingeborg had no children. Otte Banner wished to give Asdal to his brother Anders Banner's sons with Dorthe Rud, but he claimed that the king had to make the gift unshakeable. The king accepted this, but it was however Otte's sister Karen who after Ingeborg Skeels death in 1604 and after long and complicated judicial feuds became the owner of Asdal. Karen Banner died in 1611, and Asdal had a troubled destiny in the next years. Several aristocrats had part in it.

Specification:
Above mentioned Anders Nielsen Banner's daughter Anne Andersdatter Banner (+ latest 1490) , who was married to Jens Due Thott of Egholm (Voldborg herred) had inherited a sister-part in A., which she according to a thing's witness in 1492 gave to her brother's children. Among these rigsråd and rigsmarsk Erik Eriksen Banner (+ 1554) inherited Asdal manor and estate, which later came to his son Otte Eriksen Banner, married in 1560 to Ingeborg Skeel of Voergård, who after his death in 1585 kept Asdal until her death in 1604, since Otte Banner before his death had conveyed manor and estate to his family, but in a way so fru Ingeborg kept the estate or a part of it as fief for the rest of her life. Two brother-sons, Erik Andersen Banner of Gjessingholm (+ 1597) and Otte Andersen Banner of Studstrup (Rinds herred) (+ 1625), inherited Asdal, to which the first mentioned wrote himself in 1595, while Otte Banner's sisters Berete Banner (+ 1592), married to Knud Bille of Lindved (+ 1592), Magdalene Banner (+ 1597), widow after Iver Krabbe of Krabbesholm (+ 1561), and Karen Banner of Høgholt, widow after Gregers Trudsen Ulfstand of Gl. Estrup etc. (+ 1582), achieved a part of the spread estate. Later owners of Asdal: the families Ulfstand, Podebusk, Rantzau, Skeel, etc. The owner in 1935 and still in 1959 was Jens Andreasen from Guldager (Vrejlev sogn). And else various owners up til present.
Owner from 1989: Jens Peter Lemmergaard Lunden 

Legend:
In a glass box above the main entrance of Asdal Hovedgaard are the rests of a very old ham-bone from a pig. The ham-bone is said to be over 400 years old - and caused by its durability and strength it has supernatural powers, which will be transferred to the house where it is kept. If the ham is removed strange things will happen at Asdal.

Some hundred years ago the pigs eat mast in the beech- and oak woods. The lands of Asdal Hovedgård and Odden were adjacent. In the hunting a pig was shot and the owners of Asdal Hovedgård and Odden disagreed about to whom the pig belonged. The disputes lead to a lawsuit and the outcome was that the owners of Asdal and Odden had to divide the pig lengthwise. The bacon-sides had to be hang up on the wall in the two manors - and he who was able to keep the ham fresh for the longest period was the true owner of the pig. The ham is still at Asdal, but it has disappeared at Odden.

Asdal voldsted, foto GB

Asdal voldsted, foto GB

Next to the farm buildings of Asdal Hovedgård is the large Asdal Voldsted, which consists of a square about 11 m high castle bank ( 63 x 37 m) surrounded by moats, still partly water-filled. The access to the castle bank was from the south, probably via a bridge. At the castle bank was a three-winged building complex, there are still rests of buildings at the top. In 1662 were two houses in two storeys and one half-timbered house in one storey. In 1769 the castle yard had two houses, one two storey, the other three storey high, one of these houses (named Brunhuset) was said to have been one storey higher. According to tradition there were two huge towers( Vagttårnet and Brandtårnet) on the northern wing's two sides, the rests of these were said to be gunned down in the war 1807-14. Brickworks have been found.

Asdal church, foto GB

Asdal Church, ab. 12 km north of Hjørring

The small white-washed church is situated in a desolate place southeast of Asdal Hovedgård (manor). Asdal church was from the beginning only a chapel for Asdal manor. The parish was earlier named "Asdal Kapels sogn" and Niels Persøn is mentioned in 1476 as a curate at Asdal. The church is a late Gothic longhouse building from the last half of the 1400s with a half-timbered porch to the north, probably from the 1700s. The Gothic building is built in monk bricks mixed with a few granite stones. In the north wall inside is a broad point arched glare, possibly a bricked-up archade for a later broken down sacristy or burial vault. The ceiling in the undivided room is dressed in boards. The little pretty porch has black tarred half-timbering.

Asdal church, foto GB.

Some figures from an earlier late Gothic altar piece and a crucifix-group is given to the National Museum in Copenhagen. The altar piece is a Lutheranian triptychon from ab. 1575 with a painting from ab. 1700. A chalice from the 1700s. Late Gothic ore-candelabres from ab. 1550 with the coat of arms of Banner. A late which probably belonged to the church was found at Asdal Voldsted (castle bank). It is now at the National Museum. A Romanesque granite font with a hemispherical basin and a truncated crone-foot with line ornaments. A south German baptismal bowl, ab. 1575. The pulpit is a fine Renaissance joinery from 1578, given by Otto Banner of Asdal and wife Inge(Ingeborg) Skeel with their paternal and maternal coat of arms, restored in 1905. Pews from the same period and manor-pews with the same coat of arms. A church bell from 1627 cast by Hans Kemmer with Fr. Rantzau's name. In the choir a marble epitaph for Christen Speitzer Follerup, +1789. 5 gravestones from the 1600s and 1700s, one is a trapez-shaped bondegravsten (peasant) in granit for ("wife MGD died 1800").

Listed prehistorics: 3 hills, i.e. the high placed Hellehøj; one is possibly the rest of a stone grave.
Demolished or destroyed: 13 hills, all in the southern hilly part of the parish. At Rugtved is found a burial site with stone graves from early Roman Iron Age, and upon the low terrain close to the border of Uggerby was found a settlement with fields from Celtic Iron Age. From Stejlbjerg is a finding with 3 guldbrakteater (gold plates) and 18 glass pearls.

Names in the Middle Ages and 1600s:
Asdal (1393 Asedal); Skovsgårde (1638 Schouffgaard); Rækær ( 1662 Rikier, 1688 Ree Kier); Skoven ( 1688 Schoufven); Heden (1688 Heeden); Puthede (1662 Putheede); Mosen (1688 Mossen); Kjul (1419 Kyle Mølle, 1662 Nør Kiil, Sønder Kiil, 1688 Nør-Sønderkyfvel); Stejlbjerg
(1662 Steilberig); Rugtved (1688 Routued); Hulskov ( 662 Halschou, 1688 Houl Schouf); Rynken (1688 Røncken ) ; Gravholt (1688 Graufverholtz Huus.).

Source:
Trap Danmark, Hjørring amt, 1960; Danske slotte og herregårde, bd. 10, Vendsyssel

Odden Manor and Mygdal church, Region Nordjylland

Odden, wikipedia

Odden, Region Nordjylland, Mygdal sogn Vennebjerg herred, Hjørring Kommune. 



before 1970: Mygdal sogn, Vennebjerg herred, Hjørring amt.





The family Lunge were the owners of Odden for about 300 years.

No owner of Odden is with certainty known until into the 15th century, where it belonged to the ancient family Lunge. Through marriage and inheritance this sjællandske ( zealand) family had resided in the northernest regions of Jutland. Hr. Anders Jacobsen Lunge, one of the richest and most respected noblemen in Denmark,  a rigshofmester and a member of the rigsråd, married in his youth hr. Peder Offesen Neb's widow fru Ingeborg Nielsdatter Panter, and with her he got considerable estate. A few years after her death was in 1419 legal change after his parents-in-law, hr. Niels Ovesen Panter and fru Johanne -   and much estate came to Anders from the region around Hjørring, like Knivholt and Bøgsted, the manor Odden was probably mentioned too.

landscape by Odden, foto gb

Hr. Anders Jacobsen Lunge had no heirs, a son of his cousin hr Oluf Andersen Lunge wrote himself of Odden in 1454. Hr. Oluf was one of his time's most excellent noblemen. He was the first known owner of Odden. He still lived in 1473. Odden came after his death to his son Oluf Olufsen Lunge who died in the 1470s, he was the last male of his family. His widow Karen Nielsdatter Banner brought Odden to her second husband Vil Thomasen Galskyt, who in 1479 and later wrote himself of the manor Odden, but Oluf Lunge's son-in-law Henrik Friis of Haraldskær (+ earliest 1500) was partly owner of Odden and later without doubt sole owner. After his first wife fru Anne Olufsdatter Lunge (with whom he had several children) died, he lived in a probably childless marriage with Margrethe Mogensdatter Krabbe of Bøgsted who outlived him with many years. The death year of both is not known.

Odden, wikipedia

The next owner Ove Vincentsen Lunge, who got the manor Odden via marriage to Anne Henriksdatter Friis (his first wife was Karen Eriksdatter Rosenkrantz +) played an important role among his contemporaries. His father was of the family Dyre, his mother of the family Lunge which earlier owned Odden, and he and his siblings took names after her. After king Hans's death he was soon a warrior, soon a diplomat, he was a member of rigsrådet, he achieved the knighthood and had important vasalries. He inherited Tirsbæk after his father, he got Odden with his second wife Anne Henriksdatter Friis and he bought Kragerup at Zealand, he had success as a farmer and he was a bibliophile too. He died in 1540, his wife, Anne Henriksdatter Friis, whose first marriage was to Bjørn Andersen Bjørn of Stenalt, outlived him with a couple of years.

Odden, foto gb

After Anne's death came Odden in 1542 to the son Tyge Lunge (Dyre) (+1545)(whose widow Sophie Nielsdatter Kaas (Sparre-K.) disclaimed liabilities on succeeding to property), and to Christoffer Lunge (Dyre), (who was killed in 1565 in the battle of Svarterå). He and his wife fru Karen Jørgensdatter Juel were buried in the chapel at Mygdal kirke.  Odden went to his son Ove Christoffersen Lunge (Dyre), whose wedding to Anne Maltesdatter Sehested was held at Odden. Ove Lunge died in 1601, and after his death Odden went to the son rigsmarsk hr. Jørgen Lunge (Dyre) of Birkelse etc.; he took part in the Kalmar war, had several vasalries and was from 1616 member of rigsrådet, he was rigsmarsk and ridder, he died already in 1619, only 41 years of age -  and was like his parents buried in Vor Frue kirke in Aalborg. His wife Sophie Stensdatter Brahe retained Odden for the time being, she outlived her husband with 40 years and saw almost all her children die in their best years of life, seven married daughters and the son Ove, the last male of the family, died before her,  only the daughter Ide outlived her.

Fru Sophie had in 1656 refrained Odden, Birkelse and Høgholt to her children and children-in-law. Høgholt came via the daughter Lisbet to the family Rosenkrantz, Birkelse came to a branch of the family Skeel and Odden was shared between the late Anne Lunge's son, Just Justesen Høg and Otte Skeel's widow, Ide Lunge, who swapped away her halfpart to her sister's son Mogens Christensen Skeel, who became the sole owner of Odden by in 1661 buying Just Høg's part. After him came Odden to the son Ove Lunge, who died unmarried in 1637, the last male of his family. His mother Sophie Stensdater Brahe ( + 1659) took over manor and estate.
And this was the end of the Lunge era at Odden.

Various owners


today:

 Odden J.F.Willumsen Collection

Odden, foto gb

he word Odden means an isthmus, a spit of land - the manor was built upon a spit of land, on the northernest spit of a low hillside or an isthmus, which grew out from a meadow surrounded on both sides by brooks which went together and formed a small lake, where the water was used for the mill.


The main building is one of the district's most interesting secular buildings, but its history is not fully known. The manor has three wings of which the built-together south and east wings are from the first half of the 1500s, while the low west wing in half-timbering is built ab. 1765. The oldest part is probably the east wing, with Ove Vincentsen Lunge as the building master. The white-washed wing has a red tiled roof. Remarkable is the great blændingskors (cross) upon the southern gable, a so-called patriark-cross placed between the two upper windows of the gable. The cross is the distinctive mark of the family Lunge and it shows that the east wing must be built in the Catholic period. The south wing with a gate-passage was probably built by Christoffer Lunge in the 1540s. Much later probably after a fire in 1763 is the present west wing which was built in half-timbering in one storey.

Odden might have looked rather sinister in its first time with the dark, heavy buildings without towers or spires and its small windows placed rather randomly. It was known as one of the oldest farms in all of Jutland, no older neighbouring moat sugessts, that it earlier was placed otherwise. Now the more than 400 years old buildings are whitewashed and lights up the landscape.

The land of the manor was outparcelled in 1945-46. Today Odden is used for exhibitions based upon a large collection of the Danish artist J.F.Willumsen's works.


Mygdal church., built about 1300.

Mygdal kirke, wikipedia

The rather desolate placed white-washed church in Mygdal has a late Romanesque choir and nave, a chapel by the north side of the choir from ab. 1550-60 and a porch from 1897. The late Romanesque building is mainly in bricks and is closely related to the Vendsyssel brick-work group. Both gables are re-walled. The choir arch inside is extended and both choir and nave have beamed ceilings. The large chapel at the northside of the choir was probably built by Christoffer Lunge as a burial chapel.

Interior: A walled communion table in monk bricks. The altar piece has sections from Renaissance with the coat of arms of Ove Lunge and Anne Sehested upon the foot piece;  it was re-made in Rococo in 1777 with the names of Pors Munch and Else Joh. Seidelin and a new painting. Chalice from 1761. Late Gothic ore candelabres. A small gilt alabast crucifix is now in the National Museum. A Romanesque granite font, half-circular basin upon a hollow pyramid-foot. A south German bowl from ab. 1575 with engraved coat of arms of Kaspar Markdaner and Sofie Oldeland. A late Gothic choir arch crucifix from ab. 1500 upon a new wooden cross.

Upon the north wall a pretty fresco of Maria with child from the late 1300s probably by the same painter who made Skt Kristoffer in Hjørring. Below Maria a coat of arms with chess-pattern, probably for Niels Mogensen Glob who was know in this region in 1394. A pulpit in simple Baroque with painted year 1777, repaired 1932. The church bell with the name "Rose" was cast in 1560 by Peder Lauridsen for Christoffer Lunge and hangs in a bell frame. In the choir wall a magnificent Renaissance grave stone from 1576 for Christoffer Lunge, who was killed in 1565 at Falkenberg and Karen Jørgensdatter( Juel) + 1556, with portrait figures of both.



source: Danske slotte og herregårde, bd. 10, Vendsyssel, Odden, Danske kirker,

Flade church/ Flade kirke, Horns herred, Hjørring amt.

Flade church, in Frederikshavn.

The church in Flade lies high and desolate upon a hillside. It is a whitewashed brick building without a tower, but with choir, nave, porch to the north and a chapel to the south. The oldest sections, the choir and the eastern section of the nave origin from late Romanesque time, probably from the beginning of the 1200s. The division of the walls is characteristic for the Romanesque brick-architecture in Vendsyssel. The access is from the porch through the still kept, simple and straight-edged north door, while the round arched south door is bricked-up. In the late Middle Ages the church was extended to the west (ab. 7,5 m), and the porch was built, although its western wall was built in the 1600s. The large chapel, now refurnished into a burial chapel, was built in ab. 1675 in small stones upon a profiled plinth; it opened towards the nave in a round arched, now closed arcade. Inside the church is a beamed ceiling, in the choir an unpainted plank ceiling.

Interior:
The triumph wall with the Romanesque choir arch has a narrow frieze above. * The altarpiece is in simple Baroque style, possibly from the end of the 1700s, with a newer painting. The large ore candelabres are according to inscription given 1591 by Willum Frandsen. A chalice from ab. 1700 was given by Otto Arenfeldt and wife Agathe Kirstine Beck (with engraved coat of arms and initials). Oblate box 1705 with the initials of Jens Olufsen Wang and his wife. Romanesque font in granite. Upon the north wall of the nave hangs a late Gothic choir arch crucifix with carved torment tools on the cross wood. * The pulpit is a Renaissance carving, according to inscription given in 1588 by Mogens Juel of Knivholt; in the six fields are scenes from the life of Christ. The upper pews are from 1592 with the paternal and maternal coat of arms of Otto Skeel of Bangsbo and Birgitte Lindenow. At the entrance are similar pews, but the other pews of the church are new.  Two church ships, frigates  from 1767 and 1838.


* An earlier altarpice from 1500 is now in Hirsholm church. 
* after a restoration 1957 the pulpit is now in unpainted oak and very pretty.     


Memorials:
Two memorial tablets, concerning a legacy founded by Christen Jensen Møenbo and wife in 1756. In the church two memorials: in the choir wall a large portrait grave stone for Mogens Juel and his two wives, with life-sized figures. Outside on the south wall of the church a gravestone for the priest Hans Borchorst (+ 1678) and wife. 

Knivholt belonged in the end of the 1300s to hr. Niels Ovesen (Panter) of Asdal and Skovgård (Vennebjerg herred) and his wife Johanne Andersdatter (Stenbrikke); their son Anders Nielsen (Panter) of Asdal (+ latest 1406) m. to Regitze Jakobsdatter Lunge (+ 1405-06) did probably inherit K., which was still only a tenant farm. In an exchange 1419 the farm went to his brother-in-law rigshofmester hr. Anders Jepsen (or Jakobsen) Lunge of Gunderslevholm (+ latest 1429), who had been m. to 1) Ingeborg Nielsdatter (Panter) ( + earliest 1411). The farm was probably thereafter divided among several heirs. Hr. Oluf Andersen Lunge of Odden (+ earliest 1473) wrote himself of K. in 1457. His son hr. Oluf Olufsen Lunge of Odden (+ earliest 1484) was m. to 1) Kirsten Engelbrechtsdatter (Bydelsbak) of Torbenfeld (+ latest 1475), whose father hr. Engelbrecht Albrecthsen (Bydelsbak of Torbenfeld) (+ 1492 or 93) in 1484 let hr Oluf charge for K. and other inheritance after the daughter. Hr. Engelbrecht possibly also bought the rights in K. through his mother fru Pernille Axelsdatter (Brok of Estrup)( + before 1493), a daughter of Ellen Ovesdatter Lunge, above mentioned Anders Jepsen Lunge's brother's daughter,  in her marriage to rigsråd hr. Axel Lagesen (Brok of Estrup)( + 1498). In 1553 K., which now was a farm/manor, belonged to Mogens Juel of Hvidstengård (+ ab. 1579) , whose mother fru Dorte Mogensdatter Krabbe (m. to Mogens Juel of Udstrup) (+ earliest 1536) was a daughter of fru Elsebeth Tygesdatter Lunge (+ earliest 1519), and thus related to the owners from the Middle Ages.

Mogens Juel probably owned K. until his death ab. 1579. His son Mogens Mogensen Juel (+ ab. 1605), wrote himself in 1590 of K., he had probably to give up the farm because of debt, since it was a part of the property of the deceased fru Ingeborg Skeel of Voergård. ( + 1604). K now went to Hans Axelsen Arenfeldt of Rugård and after his death in 1611 to the son, the infamous Niels Arenfeldt (+ 1669), who in 1630 sold the farm to Otte Marsvin of Dybæk etc. (+ 1641) which buy must have gone back, since he in 1632 exchanged it to his father-in-law Hans Dyre (+ 1655), who in 1652 moved to Sæby and gave the farm back to his daughter Karen Dyre.

Later owners: Hans Arenfeldt; Hans Lorents Arenfeldt; Christen Jensen Møenbo; Peter Leth; Jens Madsen Rosborg; Christoffer Madsen Rosborg; Carl Vilh. Uldall; Fritz Peter Adolph Uldall; N. Rasmussen; C.G. Frederiksen; C. Helmer Frederiksen.  

Knivholt is today a kulturinstitution (cultural institution).


Vangsgård was in 1474 owned by Albert Pedersen, but was probably the same year deeded by him to Børglum kloster.

The houses Kierche Schouf and Winter Huus are mentioned in 1688.

Listed prehistorics: at S. Stenhave a long dolmen without chamber and at Vangsgårde a hill with a stone cist with a cover stone. 15 hills, one longhill and a stone grave. The hills all lie in the high terrain in the western part of the parish, a group of 6 at Flade church. At Bækman are listed  two underground cellars from early Roman period. Besides is listed the unique Iron Age burial site at Donbæk, upon a highplaced terrain are 62 memorials, of which 3 are large hills like the large Borgbjerg while the rest are small hills, round and oblong and stone circles. Graves are found from Celtic Iron Age until the Viking period ( among others a pretty gold  bracelet from late Roman period), but the main settlement is from Germanic Iron Age. 20 of the memorials are excavated by the National Museum.
Demolished or destroyed: a stone cist at Tøttenborg. 88 hills, all upon the high terrain. In Bjerghøj at N. Rævedal were found 3 stone graves from Iron Age with gold rings, silver things and clay pots.

Upon the low terrain in the eastern part of the parish were many findings from Iron Age, like burial sites from early Roman period at Knivholt, Fylleled skov and Flade mølle (mill). At Flade Vestergård is a settlement.

Names from the Middle Ages and 1600s: Flade (1419 Fladen); Donbæk (1573 Donne Beck, 1610 Donnbech); Bækman (1419 Bekman); Vangsgårde (1474 Vanxgaardtt); Fladbjerg (1567 Fladbierg); Knivholt (1419 Knyfholt); Købstrup (1419 Køgstørp, 1688 Kiøbstrup); Tronderup (1581 Thrundrup, 1662 Trondrup); Torndal (1579 Tuorndal); Røntved (1419 Rwntwed); Øster and Vester Dal (1579 Dalen, 1662 Dall); Tøttenborg (1579 Thøtenborg, 1662 Tottenborig); Birkebakken (1662 Bircke Backen); Nr. Rævdal (1610 Nøer Reffdaal).    

 Source: Trap Danmark, Hjørring amt, 1960.
 photo: Google earth, 

Tolne church/ Tolne kirke and Skårupgård, Hjørring amt.

Tolne church,ab. 10 km west of Frederikshavn, Google earth.

Tolne parish, Horns herred, Hjørring amt. 

Tolne church, wikipedia.

 The whitewashed tiled church in Tolne is surrounded by granite boulder dikes. it has a nave a choir with a flat altar wall and a porch to the north. The oldest sections are the choir and the eastern sections of the nave, upon a plinth of carved boulders with a bevelled plinth. The choir is probably the oldest. The south side of the nave and the walls of the choir are re-walled. The north wall of the nave is well-kept, built in monk bricks, possibly in the beginning of the 1200s in late Romanesque style. The old north door is still in its original place, the south door is indicated threshold-stone. The western part of the nave was added in the late Middle Ages. It has the beginning of a vault and was possibly meant to support a tower, which either was never finished or later broken down. Inside the church is a beamed  ceiling. The round choir arch is probably not the original.

interior, wikipedia

                                                   


The altarpiece is a Renaissance work from ab. 1600, divided in storeys with smooth columns and side wings in the big field; a painting from 1898  by Anker Lund; a contemporary communion table panel. Under the choir, which is elevated by three steps, is a vaulted burial, with several coffins, like the bodies of High Court Judge Erik Rodsteen (+ 1687) , captain Frands Chrf. de Roepstorff  (+ 1730). In the church hang several coffin plates from these burials : Hign Court Judge Steen Rodsteen of Lerbjerg and his wife Margrete Urne, both + 1664. The pulpit and the pews are newer; the organ from 1908. The church was restored upon wall and roof and inventory 1951-52. Upon the church yard a *bell-frame with a bell from 1487, inaugurated to Sct. Bartholomæus.

* the bell-frame was replaced by a new in oak-timber in 1865, an accurate replica of the earlier bell-frame.

church ship "Danmark", wikipedia.

Skårupgård is possibly nmentioned in 1419 in the name Skordorp and belonging to hr. Niels Ovesen (Panter) of Asdal. Kærsgård and Knivholt (+ before 1419) and his wife Johanne Andersdatter (Stenbrikke), but it was on the exchange after them laid out to the rigshofmester hr. Anders Jacobsen (Jepsen) Lunge of Gunderslevholm, who had been m. to their daughter fru Ingeborg Nielsdatter (Panter) (+ 1391). In 1546 Poul Vinter deeded Skårupgård with mill to his sister's sons Chr Christensen in Skårup and Jens Christensen of Egås. In 1568 Christopher Pedersen is mentioned in Skårup. In 1579 fru Karine Krabbe (K. of Østergård)(+ 1586), widow after Niels Skeel of Nygård (Brusk herred)( + 1561) and Otto Banner of Asdal etc. (+ 1585) on his wife Ingeborg Skeel(+1606) of Voergård's behalf, permission from the Crown to negotiate  the bondeskylden ( peasant debt) in a freehold farm in Skårup, probably identical with the farm mentioned in 1546.

In the first half of the 1600s S. was owned by Jørgen Orning of Eget; in 1638 he writes himself of S., probably he or fru Ingeborg had extended the land by adding land from other farms (Skårup village?). In 1662 the castle yard and the farm yard was under one and not built different from a common farm. After Jørgen Orning's death in 1644 the widow Lisbet Stensdatter Rodsteen inherited together with the daughters Christence Orning (+ earliest 1653); Kirsten Orning (+ 1718), m. to Niels Harbou of Søgård (+ 1675), Sophie Orning,  m. to Mogens Krabbe (K. of Østergård) of Vejbyvad (+ 1676), and Agathe Orning (+ 1684),  m. to Wolf Unger of Hæstrup. In 1654 Lisbet Rodsteen deeded together with the daughters Sophie and Agathe their parts in S. to the last mentioned's brother Vil Orning, who however died latest in 1658. Mogens Krabbe gathered now some or all inheritance and his brother hr. Otte Krabbe (K. of Østergård)  of Holmegård etc. (+ 1719) got in 1686 on behalf of the under age heirs a royal permission that S. hereafter was a taxfree farm, whereafter it in 1687 was sold to earlier bailiff at Eskær, Rasmus Jørgensen in Dal.

Later owners: Christen Lauridsen; Otte Arenfeldt; Marcus Gjøe Rosenkrantz; Bo Johannesen Møller; Peder Hansen Milling; C. Sørensen and Ferdinand Chr. Rørbye; Poul Møller; Chr. C Møller; Cr. Fr. Ingerslev; Peter Chr. Wilhelm Frederiksen; Andreas Skriver; O.L.Bang; E.K. Jørgensen; F.N.Westengaard; J. Westengaard; Hans Claus Chr. Bang; Niels Andersen; Knud Andersen. Source from wikipedia: 1944 Knud Andersen; 1961 N.S.Høm ; 1987 – Aage Roune; 1995 – Henrik Hougaard.

In the village Dverretved lived in 1653 fru Lisbet Stensdatter Rodsteen, widow after Jørgen Orning (+ 1644), but she moved the same year to Sortkær in Elling parish .

Tolnegård was a freehold farm until the Klementsfejden (Clements feud), but was taken over by the Crown and not released. It was in the 1600s leased to herredsfoged ( bailiff) Søren Jensen (+ ab. 1641) and then to his son herredsfoged (- 1688) Ove Sørensen. The first mentioned's father, herredsfoged Jens Sørensen lived probably also here. In 1664 the Crown deeded away T., but the farm was later (1680-87) krongods (the Crown's estate) again.

In the southern end of the parish was a farm, in 1688 called Bateborg.  


Listed prehistorics: North of Tolne kirke is the long dolmen Stenhøj with two big edge stones and a destroyed chamber. At Skørbækshede a stone cist with 6 upright stones, possibly the rests of a long dolmen. 38 hills, which mainly are in the western part of the parish, several are large, like Storhøjene and two of Bålhøjene, southwest and northeast of Tolne kirke.
Demolished or destroyed: two long dolmens, both at Skørbækshede, one long hill and 17 hills.

At Skørbækshede was found a sacrifice from Stone Aage: 6 flint sickles and a flint plank. At Dverretved was found a rich grave from early Roman period. In a moor at Tolne were found 4 bronze vessels from late Roman period.


In Tolne bakker (hills) in Dybdal west of Tolne station was a sacred spring. Here was held a Kildemarked (sacred spring market) on 24/8 (Sct Bartholomæus Day). The first Lutheranian priest Søren Draaby was killed here, so it is  is said. The market moved in 1853 to Hørmested kro, and in 1885 to Sindal.

Names in the Middle Ages and 1600s: Tolne (1452 Tolne, 1466 Toln); Dverretved (1419 Dywrtwed, 1466 Dwæretwedh); Tranget (1662 Throngit); Pinkrog (1688 Pin Krogen); Børsholt (1573 Bøsholt); Snerpen (1662 Snerpen); Vesterholmen (1662 Dreredweds Holm, 1688 Holmen); Skørbækshede (1567 Skiørpishede, 1662 Schorpitz Heede); Skårupgård (1638 Skorupsgaard); Kraghede (1638 Kragheede, 1662 Krags Heede); Dal (1638 Dale); Mølhede (1688 Møllheen); Bremsholt (1662 Brenszholt); Katsig (1662 Katsig) . 


Source: Trap Danmark, Hjørring amt, 1960. 
photo Google earth and wikipedia. 

Astrup church/ Astrup kirke, Vennebjerg herred, Hjørring amt.

Astrup church, ab. 6 km east of Hjørring.

                                                                                                      

Astrup parish, Vennebjerg herred, Hjørring amt.

The church in Astrup has a late Romanesque choir and nave with a new porch to the south. The late Romanesque building is from ab. 1200-50 in granite ashlars and monk bricks upon a bevelled granite plinth. From original details are traceable the round arched north door and a bricked-up round arched window in the east wall of the choir. A Romanesque monolit window- lintel is inserted above a peephole of the burial cellar under the choir. The choir arch and the south door are both extended, probably in the Gothic period. A (now disappeared) tower is mentioned in 1639. The porch to the south is in small bricks, probably from the second half of the 1800s. Inside in the western gable is inserted a plaster copy  af a runestone found in the church in 1910 with the runic alphabet. The lead roofed building was latest restored in 1952.



From a disappeared Gothic altarpiece are three figures now in the National Museum. The present altarpiece in rural Rococo from ab. 1775 has outsawed wings and a crucifixion painting. Altarpainting from the late 1800s, a copy after C. Bloch: Resurrection, hangs in the church. A magnificent Renaissance chalice 1582, given by Mette (Viffert) wife of Morten Krabbe of Bøgsted. Baroque candelabres. A Romanesque granite font with a small halfcircular basin with ribs upon a pyramid-cone foot.  A South German dish ab. 1575 and with almost worn out coat of arms of : Juel. A fine late Gothic choir arch crucifix, ab. 1475. A pretty carved pulpit from 1616 by Niels Ibsen with coat of arms for Ulrik Sandberg and his two wives. A canopy from the church is now at Bøgsted manor, it was probably acquired in 1656. A disappeared painting, given 1670 by Søren Christensen,  and a gallery from 1650, set up by jomfru Margrethe Sandberg:  both things mentioned in 1735.  Bell from 1560, cast by Peder Lauridsen, given by Morten Krabbe. In the choir a worn out gravestone, a figure stone for Morten Krabbe of Bøgsted, killed in war in Sweden 1566 and Mette Madsdatter (Viffert) (+ 1597). In a now closed burial cellar under the choir stood earlier 14 coffins with among others: Henrik Sandberg of Bøgsted (+ 1651), Mette Viffert of Hørbylund, (+ 1597) and Peder Jensen of Bøgsted (+ 1713), they are now all buried in the church yard. In the church are coffin plates for Mette Viffert (+ 1597) and Oluf Seefeld of Mølgård (+ 1697).



Bøgsted was in 1419 a village, where one farm was double as big as each other one, it was probably this farm, which ab. 1500 became the main farm, which swallowed the village; it was owned in the last half of the 1300s by the godsrige ( rich of estate) hr. Niels Ovesen (Panter) of Asdal, Skovgård (Vennebjerg herred) etc. ( + earliest 1355) and his wife, fru Johanne Andersdatter (Stenbrikke). In the exchange after them in 1419 the farms in B. went to their son-in-law, rigshofmester hr. Anders Jacobsen Lunge of Gunderslevlille etc. ( + latest 1429); his two marriages were childless, and B. came probably to his brother, rigsråd hr. Ove Jepsen Lunge of Nielstrup (Musse herred) (+ latest 1458), and then to his son hr. Tyge Ovesen Lunge of Basnæs (+ 1460), whose daughter Elsebe (Lisbeth) Tygesdatter Lunge (+ earliest 1512) was married to hr. Mogens Krabbe (of Østergård) of Bustrup (+ 1505). Their daughter Margrethe Mogensdatter Krabbe of Østergård is mentioned in 1521 and 1547 of B., which at this time must have been a nobility-farm (manor); her marriage to Henrik Jørgensen Friis (of Haraldskær) of Odden etc. (+ earliest 1500) was childless, and therefore the farm went to her brother rigsmarsk hr. Tyge Krabbe's son Morten Tygesen Krabbe of Bjørnholm (killed in 1566 in Sweden), his widow Mette Viffert of Hørbylund died in 1597, and B.went now to his sister's son hr. Ulrik Sandberg (+ 1636) and since to his son oberstløjtnant Henrik Sandberg (+ 1651) and his son Ulrik Sandberg (+ 1668), whose widow fru Sophie Maltesdater Sehested (+ 1706) in 1688 had to renounce farm and estate to forpagter (manager) at Voergård, Peder Jensen Holst, if he took over the debt.

After his death in 1713 his widow Anne Jørgensdatter Hald owned B. (+ 1728); she sold it in 1724 to her daughter's son Hans Bugge of Haven; he died 1759, his widow Elisabeth Dyssel died in 1769. Their estate was sold in 1770 acc. her will of 1765: B. and Haven to oberst  Niels Bentzen Jespersen of Høgholt (+ 1774); in auction after him the farm and peasant estate to ritmester Enevold Bolwig (+ 1817) who in 1804 renounced B. to kancelliråd Michael Brandt (+ 1812) in Hjørring and kammerråd Arent Hassel Rasmussen (+ 1842).
Later owners:  Andreas Andkjær; Johanne Louise Henriette Jakobsen, née Fischbach; Daniel Poppe of Lerbæk; Severin Hastrup; Sophie Elisabeth Zahrtmann, née Donner; Chr. Gottlieb Fritz Koch; G. Raben; Hans Emil Bluhme of Nørlund; P. Breth Petersen (A/S); P. Holm; Johs. Kjærgaard; Trygve Sagen in Oslo; Karl Jørgensen; E. Kirkegaard; Jysk Land-Hypotekforening; Johs. Fr.. Pommerencke.
Owner in 1959: A/S Oscar Siesbye, Khbvn.

News at Bøgsted January 2009:
Bøgsted is now listed. The owners have restored it completely with respect to its architecture.Bøgsted has no public access. ( Bøgsted is a pretty white Renaissance building, but it is private property, and I can not show you a photo. But you can see it by searching Bøgsted Hovedgaard in Google images/billeder. ) 



Listed prehistorics: 5 hills, of which Teglhøj at Sparrrevogn is the largest, and an Iron Age stone grave at Bøgsted.

Demolished or destroyed: The passage grave Puthøj at Sparrevogn and 32 hills, mainly in the eastern hilly part of the parish.

At Astrup was found metal from late Bronze Age. Graves with stones from early Roman Iron Age were found at Sønderskov, Torne, Grimmeshave, Klastrup, Sønderhede and Bøgsted. A settlement with a house site from the same period at Sønderskov. 

Names from the Middle Ages and 1600s: Astrup (1474 Astrvp); Sønderskov (1610 Synnderskoff); Klastrup (1419 Klaxstorp); Skærping (1480 Skerpingh); Borresholt (1610 Borids Holtt); Sparrevogn (1612 Sparre Wognn); Hundbjerg (1638 Hundberg); Grimmeshave (1484 Gremærsholth, 1547 Gremershafve); Hvims (1612 Wembs, 1662 Huimbs); Hving (1638 Huingh); Øster Tirup (1638 Øster Tirup); Mølskov (1662 Møllschow); Ryet (1638 Ryett); Kalstrup (1662 Kolstrup); Bøgsted (1418 Bøghested); Solbjerg (1419 Solberge Gaard); Grue (  ? Grud, 1638 Grue); Højen (1662 Wed Høyen); Skovbo (1638 Skouboe).




Source: Trap Danmark, Hjørring amt, 1960.

photo: borrowed from Google earth, 2013, gb

Bredsten church/ Bredsten kirke, Tørrild herred, Vejle amt.

Bredsten kirke, foto 2012: grethe bachmann

Bredsten church has a Romanesque choir and nave with a late Gothic but very rebuilt tower to the west and a porch to the south, probably from 1738-39. It is now furnished as a mortuary. The whole building is marked by a rebuild in 1738-39. The Romanesque sections, the choir and nave, are built in travertine without a visible plinth. In the wallwork are considerable numbers of monk bricks, but since characteristic details are missing, it is difficult to determine, whether this mix of materials is original. From details are only seen the bricked-up round-arched south door, which stands as a deep niche towards the porch, and the smooth round choir-arch. In the late Gothic period was added to the west a tower in red monk bricks with a cross-vaulted bottom room, which now functions as a porch. It has not kept significant original details. In 1738-39 the church owner, etatsråd Lichtenberg, let make a rebuild of the church. The outer walls of the tower were face-walled with small bricks, its vault got plaster profiles and the high spire with an onion shaped middle-section was built. Inside was inserted new vaults in the nave and choir, which east gable got curved Baroque steps and broad round-arched glares. The porch with a similar gable and a barrel vault was built probably from the ground. The porch was in 1911 furnished as a mortuary, and the entrance was placed by the tower room. The building is whitewashed and has leaden roofs.

Bredsten kirke, foto Google Earth

The inventory belongs with few exceptions to the Lichtenberg rebuild. A beautiful, embroidered altar cloth from 1651 is now in Vejle Museum, and a copy from 1951 hangs upon the choir wall. The altar piece is a pompous building in Rococo from 1742 with closed stools in both sides and a painting from 1925 by Rud Petersen. The original altar painting hangs in the church. Baroque candelabres from ab. 1700 in a slender baluster upon a heavy foot and with a flat light-bowl. A very fine late Gothic choir-arch crucifix is spoiled by new gilding. A Romanesque granite font, which smooth basin rests upon a profiled round foot above a square base. South German dish from ab. 1575. A carved fontehimmel (sounding board above the font) is probably from ab. 1740. The square pulpit with sounding board is contemporary to the altar piece and with large biblical figures. From the same period are the pews, which gables all have the carved coat of arms of Lichtenberg.

Kjeldkær belonged in 1366 to Jacob Jensen,  a brother of Lars Jonsen (Panter) (see Skibet church, the farm Kærsgård);  in 1387 to the brothers Anders and Jens Pedersen (Panter), who then pawned it to Jacob Willesen (Rodsteen), who wrote himself of K. in 1406; his son Jes Jepsen (Rodsteen) took over the pawn, but the farm was later redeemed and belonged then to the above mentioned Jens Pedersen's daughter-in-law Mette Pedersdatter (Present) who, when widow, married first Ejler Hardenberg, then hr. Engelbrecht Bydelsbak. The first mentioned owned the farm in 1460-65, and after his son Erik Hardenberg's death in 1500 his widow Anne Rønnow could in 1505 exchange her 1/6 part of K. to Ebbe Strangesen (mentioned below). Grethe Bydelsbak was married to Claus Bryske, who in 1483-85 was part-owner of K. The daughter Kirsten Bryske was married 1) to Ebbe Strangesen (+ 1507), who in 1500 required K. by law , 2) to Henneke von Ahlefeldt (+ 1541) who also required K by law in 1517. Karen Bryske was married to Jørgen Daa, who in 1500 by arbitral was allowed to redeem K, which was pawned at that time. His children sold in 1523 their part of K. to Mogens Gøye, who was married to Mette Albrechtsdatter Bydelsbak, and who in 1532 seemingly owned the whole farm. Although Jørgen Daa's two sons in 1543 sold a part to Claus Bryske's daughter-in-law Kirstine Ulfstand, but in an agreement from 1549 she had to renounce K. to Mogens Gøye's son-in-law, the famous Peder Oxe, who in 1574 exchanged K. to the Crown. (K. was since 1532 split into two farms). In 1578 the Crown exchanged them to Laurids Skram of Hastrup (+ 1587); K. came probably with his daughter Lisbeth Skram to rigsråd Henrik Below of Spøttrup (+ 1606), and then to the son-in-law Christian Thott of Boltinggård (+ 1617), whose son Henrik Thott of Boltinggård in 1651 and 1662 owned K. In 1671 K. belonged to Siver von Lützow, in 1688 it belonged to the son Augustus (Asmus) von Lützow, who in 1694 deeded K. to manager at K., Gøde Hansen, whose widow in 1718 at auction sold K. to Hans Folsach, (later of Gjessinggård), who in 1731 sold K. to Gerhard de Lichtenberg, and with his farm Engelsholm K. came in 1754 to the son-in-law Christen Linde, and in 1767 to his brother-in-law, Hans Henrik de Lichtenberg of Bidstrup.

Later owners: Hans Severin Steenstrup; Laurids Amnitzbøll; Hans Henrik G. Halling; the family Godt; Hans Jensen, Odense; Vingsted fabrikker; A. Andersen Kjeldahl; Karl Christian Lerche; P.Horn. From 1959: E.R.S.Ulbæk.
The main building lies upon a small hill in a beautiful forested scenery surrounded by lowlands. Tbe building is yellow with white details. 

Ebbe Lille from Bredsten is mentioned in 1338. Peder Jonsen (Panter?) of Ravning in 1366.

At Kærbølling were two sacred springs Sølvkilde and Stødbækkilde.

Slotsskansen (castle bank)  in Tørskind was according to legend made by borgherren (lord of the castle) at Koldborg in Vork.

A settlement Alind (1488 Alen bygistedh) belonged to Ravning and was probably situated at Vejle å (river). At Engelsholm was a farm Grundem (1591 Grundem.)  

Listed prehistorics: 14 hills, of which several are rather large: one east of Ravning where were a group of 6, 4 at Balle, one in the northeast corner of the parish and Molbohøj in Ravning skov (forest).
Demolished or destroyed: 29 hills, according to a report from 1638 there was west of Kærbølling a longdolmen, and east of Stensgårde a large hill, edged with stones: Bøgehøj, but their place is not known today.

In Balle was in a overploughed hill found a single grave from Stone Age with war axe, *flække, amber pearl and imprint of the skeleton. 

* flække is an oblong piece of flint with parallel edges from a flint block, which was used for making various things, like knives and tools etc.

Names from the Middle Ages and 1600s:
Bredsten (ab. 1330 Breethsteen); Balle (1460 Bali); Lildfrost (1547 Lille Frøstemark, 1573 Lille Frosteby, 1664 Lilfrøst); Ravning (1366 Rafning); Kærbølling (1460 Kærbølling, Kærbølingh); Søskov (1476 Søøskoff); Ollerup (1460 Ollerup); Bredstenlund (1460 Lwndh, 1578 Brestenlund); Stensgårde (last half of 1400s Stensgaardtt); Tørskind (1524 Tyskynd, 1570 Tuskind By); Kjeldkær (1366 Kiældkyær, 1387 Keldkær).



Source: Trap Danmark, Vejle amt, 1964.

photo 2012 Bredsten kirke : grethe bachmann
photo Bredsten kirke: Google Earth.

Brande church/ Brande kirke, Nørvang herred, Vejle amt.

The whitewashed, tiled church in Brande has a cernel of a Romanesque choir and nave with a late Gothic tower to the west. The church is strongly marked by a rebuild in 1939, where it was extended with a side-nave and a sacristy to the north. The Romanesque building, the choir and nave, are built in granite ashlars upon a bevel plinth. From original details are three Romanesque windows, one to the east, and a bricked-up window the north and one to the south. The round choir-arch has kragsten, but is very scrapped.  In the rebuild was for a short period built a cross-vault in the choir, and the barrel-vault of the nave was replaced by a beamed ceiling. Most of the north wall was removed, and a side-nave was built, which outside has three pointed gables, added with a sacristy at the northside with a fourth pointed gable. In the southdoor was inserted a new pillar-portal with a "Romanesque" tympanum, and the porch from the reformation period was rebuilt. The late Gothic tower, which was only marked little by the rebuild in 1939, has a cross-vaulted bottom room, which opens to the nave in a pointed tower-arch. Its wallwork was mainly rebuilt in 1724 and probably also in 1737.

Brande church, photo Google Earth.

The brick communion table has a reliquary. It is covered by a panelwork from 1624 with biblical paintings. The altarpiece is a carved work in slightly blurred Renaissance with large evangelist figures. It is probably contemporary to the panel of the communion table;  it has original paintings. Brass candelabres in Baroque, balustershaped with big ball joints. A seven-branched candle-stick, given in 1946 by R. and J. Søndergaard. A wrougth iron kneeler from 1939. The Romanesque granite font, which is brutally dismantled, has a smooth basin with a profiled edge and a cubic foot. An engraved Netherland dish ab. 1625 with a lion in a band with inscription: D. Henricus Coster. A pulpit in Renaissance from the beginning of the 16th century with the coat of arms of Kaas. Upon the corner evangelist figures and in the fields biblical reliefs. Upon a stool gable inscriptions: Hans Lange, Karen Clausdatter, 1604 ( owners of Brandholm). A small crucifix group from the 1600s. An apostle group in alabaster in the sacristy is probably an Italian work from the Baroque period. In the new side-nave is a door wing from ab. 1550 with a post hinge. Two bells, both cast by "De Smithske Støberier", Aalborg, one from 1948 in the memory of 5/5 1945. In the tower room some coffin plates. In the porch two worn-out 1700s gravestones.

Filialkirken i Skærlund (a branch church) built 1895-96 in red bricks. Altar decoration a simple wooden cross. A South German baptismal dish from ab. 1550-75 with the coat of arms of Habsburg.

Filialkirken i Uhre,  (a branch church),  built 1917-20 in red bricks. Inventory in typical skønvirke-stil ( art Noveau).  

Brandholm was owned by Peder Terkelsen Væbner, who got it with his wife Else Juul. He died in 1587 the last male of his family, and B. was inherited by his paternal cousin's son Claus Strangesen of Nørholm (+ 1596), who was also the last male of his family. His son-in-law Hans Lange of Lunderup sold B. to Bendix Rantzau (+ ab. 1616), who was written of the farm in 1608-09. In 1608 his father-in-law Albert Skeel killed the manager of the farm,  and he was executed in 1609, his daughter Kirsten Skeel later married Peder Bille of Lindved, she owned in 1610 part of B. The farm went to Jørgen Below of Hastrup (+ childless 1628), whose sister Sophie Below (+ 1641) in 1631 sold it to her son-in-law Otte Gøye, who at once exchanged it to his brother Eskil Gøye for his part in Tureby. In 1638 the farm still belonged to Eskil Gøye, but in 1641 to Herluf Mormand, who in 1647 had to pawn it to his children Henrik, Sibylle and Birgitte Gøye, the last mentioned's husband Henning Quitzow and the two first mentioned got in 1661 deed on it from Claus Sparre of St. Tanggård. B. had been demolished during the war. (Swedish wars) Henrik Gøye died unmarried in 1668, Henning Quitzow was judged from the farm because of tax debt, but he got it back in 1670 from the king, and his widow laid it in 1682 out to her sister Sibylle Gøye and her husband Conrad v Hövelen, who also had it judged from him. They got it back in 1687 and gave it at once to their son-in-law Niels Parsberg (+ 1710), whose son Preben Parsberg still owned it in 1717.
Later owners: Christen Nielsen of Assersbøl, Jens Nielsen Skjærlund, Claus Cordtsen, Johan Arensberg in Hvejsel, Jens Risom in Brande, Christen Handrup, Niels Pedersen Hvidberg, Laurids Jensen Brande, Niels Jensen Kiersgaard, Otte Arrevad, Th. Chr. Christensen (the last mentioned in 1860.)

Hr. Lars Jonsen (Panter) gave in 1329 the farm Lund for a præbende to Ribe domkirke. (Ribe cathedral)
(præbende = income).

Peder Esgersen (Bryning) deeded in 1420 the farm Dørslund to the bishopric in Ribe. 

Brande town with vicarage almost burnt down in 1780.

 old lignite deposits

at the old power station

Near Brande are large lignite deposits.

Listed prehistorics: 101 hills and 4 longhills; several hills are large, at Brandlund lies the 5 m high Store Stendalshøj and 3 other large hills. Upon the top of Sandfeld Bjerge (a hillside) is a large hill in Hundehøj plantation called Hundehøj, at Dørslund the hill Sortehøj; south of Uhre Brogårdshøj and Pasbjerg, at Flø Heath a large flat hill in a group of 17 hills. Northwest of Dørslund lies a group of 11 hills, and at Lundfod close to the eastern parish  border a group of 6 hills.

Demolished or destroyed: 142 hills, a big part of these hills were single graves, several have been excavated.

At Uhre was found an amber jewelry from Stone Age. From Pedersborg origins a Bronze Age sacrifice jewelry find: brosche and hængekar (for the belt).

Names from the Middle Ages and 1600s:
Brande (1329 Brynied, ab. 1330 Brvnld, late 1300s Brønyld, 1438 Brunlæ, 1567 Brandle); St. Langkær (1524 Langker Mark, 1610 Langkier); Skærlund (1638 Skierlund); Uhre (1329 Vræ, 1610 Wffre); Brandlund (1329 Lund, 1610 Brandlund); Dørslund (1420 Dysling, Døseling); Flø (1610 Fløe); Blæsbjerg (1664 Bleszbierre); Lundfod (1632 Lundtfoed); Arvad (1638 Arrevad); Grarup (1488 Graarup); Skerris (1573 Skerrits); Nørre Askær (1610 Askier, 1683 Nørre Askier); Sønder Askær (1683 Synder Arszkier); Hyvild (1578 Hyffuitgaard, 1638 Hyvild); Risbjerg (1524 Riisberre Mark, 1610 Riisberj); Tarp (1638 Tarp, 1664 Thorp); Sandfeld (1610 Sandfeild); Sandfeld Bjerge (1664 Bierre, 1683 Sandfeld bierge); Brande Harrild (1352 Harride, 1610 Harild, 1664 Wester Harild); Lille Langkær (1638 Lill Langkier); Alkærlund (1664 Algierlundt); Kragsighuse (1329 Braksuk, late 1300s Kraaksik); Brandholm (1638 Braandholm); Usseltoft (1664 Wszelltofft); Husumgård (1664 Huszum); Brogård (1664 Brødgaard, 1683 Broegaard).  
   
Source: Trap Danmark, Vejle amt, 1964.

3 x photo Brande 2006: grethe bachmann
1 x photo from Google Earth.

Skibet church/Skibet kirke and Haraldskær, Vejle amt.

Skibet church 2007

Skibet church 2003

The whitewashed church in Skibet has a Romanesque choir and nave with a probably late Gothic western extension, a sacristy at the north side of the choir and a porch to the south. The Romanesque building is in travertine  without any visible plinth. The extended south door is in use, while the round-arched north door is bricked-up. A tympanum, which probably origins from the south door, is excellent designed. It is a flat relief of a lion eating a hare, it is inserted in the bottom of the west gable.

tympanum inserted in wall

Several Romanesque windows have been preserved and partly re-opened, in the choir one to the east and one to the north, in the nave two to the north and one to the south. The round choir arch inside is preserved. The nave has after a restoration in 1951-52 again a beamed ceiling instead of a barrel vault, probably from the 1700s. A cross vault was inserted in the choir in the late Gothic period, and at the north side was built a cross vaulted sacristy, which was later cut down into a half-roof building, which to the east has a window in a point-arched frame. At the same time the nave was extended to the west, but the whole building is so whitewashed that it is not possible to decide  something accurate. A bricked-up point-arched window in the south wall of the nave is probably from the same period like the cernel in the wallwork of the porch. The look of the building is marked by a rebuild in the middle of the 1700s.
 

Skibet church

the horsemen frieze

the horsemen frieze

The building had a restoration in 1951-52. At this occassion were several frescoes found from various periods. Upon the eastern wall of the nave are late Romanesque frescoes, in the round-arched fields are horsemen, in the north window of the choir a foliage from the same time, in the choir vault are late Gothic leaf decorations and a prism decoration around the sacristy door in grey and black. Upon the eastern part of the north wall in the nave and south of the choir arch are undecidable paintings, and in the south side's Gothic window a female saint with a sword. The frescoes were restored in 1954 by E Lind.

See article on Thyra-blog about the frescoes in Skibet church: The Legend of the Grail  

A new or heavily restored communion table in travertine. The altar decoration from 1952 is a wooden cross with a lam in the crown of thorns. The front of the communion table is from 1550. Late Gothic, softly profiled ore candelabres. A Romanesque granite font with lions and leaf decoration of the Sjørslev type, on the foot are bear-heads. A small south German dish ab. 1575 soldered into a large brass dish.Pulpit in Renaissance ab. 1600, with Tuscany corner pillars, rectangular fields and cornices and modern greyish decoration. In the nave two chandeliers, one given by Chr. Linde and wife in 1755, the other by parish bailiff J.P.Sørensen. A threemaster ship-model "Håbet" of newer date. A large painting signed S. Viggo Pedersen 1932. An iron bound door wing 1664 with parish priest Jakob Svendsen's name is now at the National Museum. A bell of cast iron from Bochum in a bell-frame east of the church .

prism decoration above door.

Haraldskær 2007

Haraldskær belonged 1434-48 to Niels Friis, who is said to own H. via his wife Ellen Moltke.  It belonged later to the son hr. Anders Friis (+ ab. 1510), in 1543 the widow Bodil Steenfeld, then the son Iver Friis (+ 1557) and his son rigsråd Albert Friis  (+ 1601). His daughter Karen Friis (+ 1635) married Truid Bryske ( + 1653) who was written of H. until 1621, but at this time his economy broke down, and in 1622 his sister-in- law Lisbeth Friis made an attempt to buy H. "since it was a pretty farm and it had always been her parents' farm". However the Danish Rigsråd judged the farm to belong to her guardian,  the brother-in-law Frederik Munk (Lange), who at the same time came to be liable for another sister, Anne Friis' big debt, and he also ended up with big economic difficulties. Already before his death in 1637 his son Jørgen Munk (Lange) wrote himself of the farm, but he had a feud with his father, and in 1637 the mother Sofie Friis complained to the king about "that he had completely taken over the mentioned farm and estate" and "he had abused her with many improper words". Sofie Friis tried to keep the farm together and bought in 1651 a part from her daughter's son-in-law Claus Sparre. At her death 1655 H. was however divided among several persons. Jørgen Munk had  - because of debt - to give his part to Vincents Bille, who 1616 sold it to Manderup Abildgaard, whose wife Hedvig Arenfeldt the same year bought Jørgen Munk's sister Sofie's 1/6 of the farm. Another sister, Anne Munk, deeded in 1677 the biggest part of H. with 6 farms and houses to colonel Konrad v. d. Brincken of Fårup (+ 1696); the son Godske v. d. Brincken (+ 1730) outbought his siblings from H  (+ 1730), and at an auction after him in 1731 it was sold to major Pierre d'Andischon, who established same factories here. At an auction after him in 1751 H. was bought  by Gerhard de Lichtenberg, who in 1754 deeded Engelsholm, Kjeldkær and H. to his son-in-law Christen Linde, who 1767 sold the 3 farms to his brother-in-law Hans Henrik de Lichtenberg of Bidstrup.

Later owners: Ove Bernhardt v. Lüttichau, Henrik Schmith, Severin Laurentius Lautrup, Johannes Ditlev Rahr, Nicolaj Nyholm, August Theodor Schütte, Danqvart Neergaard, Oluf Henrik de Bang, Hjalmar de Bang, C.M. Hess. 1962  brothers C. and M.Hess. 

The main building is listed in class A.

see article about Haraldskær on this blog:  Haraldskær 

farm building Haraldskær

Kølholt belonged in 1485 to hr. Anders Friis of Haraldskær, in 1622 to his great-grandchild Lisbeth Albertsdatter Friis, who got the king's allowance to give the farm for life to her sister Karen Friis. In 1662 it was a farm under Lerbæk, but before 1697 Nicolaj Nissen of Rugballegård sold it to Søren Joensen, he rebought it in 1704, but in 1718 Søren Joensen's widow Sophie Amalie Bojsen deeded it to baron Christian Gyldenkrone of Vilhelmsborg, who in 1730 sold K. with property to the Crown. Since Sophie Amalie Bojsen had reserved the repurchase, the king had to renounce it in 1733 to her son Nicolaj Joensen. The Crown had now purchase on it and could in 1738 at an auction sell it to Gerhard de Lichtenberg, who 1748 sold it to Niels Thomsen (+ 1763).
Later owners: Chr. Hansen from Århus, Ernst Braat, Jes Hansen af Skølvad, Mads Joh. Buch, J.G. Schwartz, P.U.F. Schiøtt, Chr. Hansted, P.I.W. Schandorff, C.J.Linde, Luplau, P. Lorenzen, Schlesinger, Mar. Andersen, S. Jacobsen, grev Helge Ernst Knuth, N. Jørgensen, C.J. Fynbo, Lottrup, owner in 1962: S.A. Petersen.
 The main building is a pretty small halftimbered building from the beginning of the 1700s.   

Niels Friis of Haraldskær wrote himself in 1432 of Skibet. Anne Munk, later of Haraldskær wrote herself 1651 of Knabberup, in 1687 fru Birgitte Arenfeldt deeded her farm K. to Conrad v. d. Brincken of Haraldskær.     
Kærsgård belonged in 1469 to Lars Jonsen (Panter) (+ 1340) and was probably later under Kjeldkær where the part-owners hr Joachim Hardenberg (1469) Claus Bryske (1483 and 1485) and Ebbe Strangesen (1500) owned K. Later it belonged to Niels Friis of Haraldskær (+ 1557).

Vejle Å (river) at Haraldskær

Vejle å ( the river) was earlier navigable all the way up to Skibet where it is said there was a harbour for small  vessels. 

A sacred spring Haraldskær Kilde was situated between the main manor and the factory close to the river.

At Trædballe, close to the border of Vejle city, was once a castle bank, probably origining from the above mentioned Kærsgaard. In the priest report from 1638 a locality "Rodzkier" is mentioned, later called Borgvold. Sofiesminde skov (forest) west of Borgvold has also the earlier name Kærsgaards skov. The castle bank was demolished at the building of the railway, which is now closed. A suburb of Vejle has spread across the castle bank and there are no visible traces.

In the priest report of 1638 the castle bank Boeldal in Vilstrup skov (forest) is mentioned. The place is called Bommerhave in Pont. Atlas "Bommergaard". The place is shown in the northern edge of Vilstrup skov south of Gulgaard. There are no traces of fortifications, the castle bank might have been destroyed by clay-digging, but there are monk bricks at the spot.

The farm-building Ravnsbøl, which is mentioned under Haraldskær, was established from a disappeared village Ravnsbøl (1485 Rawenssbøl), which land in the 1600s were laid under Haraldskær. At Haraldskær was also a farm Glasbjerg (1513 Glarberig, 1664 Glaszbierg), which consisted of two bol (small farms). They were laid under Haraldskær in 1744 and the buildings were broken down. A farm Hyllund is also mentioned in the parish in the year 1683.


Listed prehistorics: a large but somewwhat down-digged hill Haraldshøj west of Jennum.
Demolished or destroyed: a passage grave at Haraldskær mark (field) and a hill at Jennum. In priest reports from 1638 are mentioned round dolmens at Knabberup mark, east of Haraldskær and north of Skibet church, but their place is not known.

In a moor at Haraldskær was in 1835 found a bog mummy of a woman with hairnet and leather cape. There was at that time an opinion that this was the Norwegian queen Gunhild, but today's examinations have proved the age. The bog mummy  is from  490 BC = in the beginning of Iron Age. She is now at a museum. Upon Holmen in the river valley was a settlement from Stone Age.


Names from the Middle Ages and the 1600s:
Skibet (ab. 1330 Skipwith); Jennum (1478 Jennwm, 1480 Jenum); Knabberup (1488 Knabdrup, 1502 Knabdrvp); Trædballe (1664 Thredballehuus); Slelde (1475 Slælllæ, Slælle, 1552 Slelde); Nørre Vilstrup (1459 Wilstorp, 1524 Wilstorp thet Nørre); Rue (1452 Rweholm, 1664 Rue); Haraldskær (1434 Harildkerr, 1448 Harilsker); Kvakmølle (1664 Quach Mølle), Neder Knabberupgård (1664 Neder Knaberup); Over Knabberupgård, (1664 Offuer Knaberup); Kølholt (1485 Kiølholdt); Østengård (1502 Østengaard.)


Source: Trap Danmark, Vejle amt, 1964.  

photo 2003/2007/2008/2009: grethe bachmann